Hi, I'm not a native English speaker and I was little confused with the following phrase.


"The supernatant was removed from the precipitate after centrifuging and transferred onto mica for analysis by AFM."
[size=large][font=Times New Roman]The way I'm understanding the above phrase is that you are transferring "the supernatant" onto mica for analysis by AFM and not the pellet, which just gets t

Reaction 1: NAD+ +2H+ + 2e- :rarrow: NADH + H+ 


NAD+ is going to form 1 H bonds by the using 2 e- transferred to it?

Reaction 2: FAD + 2H+ + 2e- :rarrow: FADH2 

FAD is going to form 2 H bonds by the using 2 e- transferred to it?

Reaction 3: Pyruvate + CoA  :rarrow: Acetyl CoA + CO2 + H+ + 2e- 

[size=medium]Pyruvate is oxidized to Acetyl CoA and in the process loses 1 H proton and

How do I explain that reading a concave meniscus above water level will lead to a lower than accurate reading?


[size=medium][color=#000000][font=Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif]I have this pre-lab question that I need help with. All i can find online is that if you read you must read at eye level to get accurate measurement. OK, I get it. And I read that if you read above eye level, the reading will be low